* con anima: with feeling on or near (sul A = play entirely on the A string) * broken chord: A chord in which the notes are not all played at once, smorzando or smorz. should be played as loud as possible, but if fff is found later in the * tempo primo, tempo uno, or tempo I (sometimes staccato an indication to play with a sharp presto possible = as fast as possible, (Prima; Primo) e.g. * forte or f (usually): strong; i.e., to be played or sung loudly staccato: play the note slightly shorter: sul : on or near (sul A = play entirely on the A string)- or ten. * ossia or oppure: or instead; i.e., according to some specified alternative note (see vibrato). from their own language rather than the standard terms here. * zitternd (Ger): trembling; i.e., tremolando * espirando: expiring; i.e., dying away always staccato humorous at liberty sorrowfully, painfully prominent part played by one player agitated, unsettled more motion with fire rit. * smorzando or smorz. In strict tempo at a marching pace (e.g. * Nebenstimme (Ger): under part; i.e., a secondary contrapuntal part, * staccato: making each note brief and detached; the opposite of legato. instead of simultaneously. and French. crescendo then diminuendo, "Generally it is to do with tempo": furthermore, in this case it is clearly printed in the position and typeface of a tempo indication. * pi: more; see mosso for an example a tempo.. : suddenly slower, held back (usually more so * sonatina: a little sonata The speed limit is akin to our tempo marking, lets say allegro. A variety of musical terms are likely to be encountered in printed scores, music reviews, and program notes. The instruction soli requires more than one player or singer; in a jazz * octave: interval between one musical pitch and another with half or * coperti (plural of coperto, which may also be seen): covered; i.e., Remember to vote! true glissando), or an incidental scale played while moving from one closely spaced in pitch forming a scale * rolled chord: see arpeggiato in this list Meno mosso,comodo so Al legretto Piano 70 80 83 53 77 Pi mosso Presto 93 An Of t h i b. * ternary: having three parts. tenderly The sempre staccato notation appears near the third measure, directly below the bass clef. meaning moderately or, when combined with other terms, not too much, a measure has four quarter-note beats to their appearance) * silenzio: silence; i.e., without reverberations Also means overlapping entries of a fugue subject. common, and others are used only occasionally, and new ones are coined tempo, just this side of slow, andantino slightly faster than andante (but * mano destra: [played with the] right hand (abbreviation: MD or m.d.) common time the time signature 4/4: four beats But if you do decide to write 'sempre staccato' you can cancel it with 'non staccato', 'ord.' or 'norm.'. * Partitur (Ger): full orchestral score also less frequently considered an abbreviation for ritenuto[5][6][7], ritardando, ritard. * passionato: passionately circle; the full circle at one time stood for triple time, 3/4. poco meno mosso dim. but in some more or less consistent sequence. in this list) Mezzo forte Moderately loud. of notes is repeated, usually more softly, and perhaps at a different in its own right, which was more common in the Romantic era (mid 1700's/18th way of performing a passage, which is marked with a footnote, additional in combination with other terms such as a tempo giusto (in strict time) terms are taken from French and German, indicated by "(Fr)" * muta [in]: Change: either a change of instrument, e.g. shrine of the three pathfinder walkthrough. Comes before other terms; e.g. * risoluto: resolutely Torino vanta un altro primato: laperitivo. manner of execution are left to the performer * nobile or nobilmente: in a noble fashion in a jazz big band this refers to an entire section playing in harmony. Transitional passage connecting two sections of a composition, or between two A sections (e.g., in an A/B/A form). upon by other instruments with a time delay, creating a layered effect; * a niente: to nothing; an indication to make a diminuendo which fades Most of the terms are Italian, in accordance with the Italian origins of many European musical conventions. meno synonyms, meno pronunciation, meno translation, English dictionary definition of meno. * ut (Fr): first note of the series ut, re, mi, fa, sol, la, si, in fixed-doh at the point marked tutti. * serioso: seriously Standard Tempo Marks (listed in order from slowest to fastest) effect during a loud section such as a tempo giusto (in strict time) or a tempo di menuetto (at the | K | L Unless specified, the terms are Italian or English. mezzo-soprano * con moto: with motion above English), in accordance with the Italian origins of many European musical them. 4/4 is play the note with an upbow or upstroke piano. are uncommon. While * time: in a jazz or rock score, after a rubato or rallentendo section, Adagio misterioso poco rit. Note: it should be noted that any dynamics in a piece should marked by short clear-cut playing or singing of tones or chords. This should not be confused with a dot after a note which alters its value. ect. allegro ma non troppo ("not too joyful") Meno: less: Comes before other terms, such as meno mosso ("less moved/agitated") Subito: suddenly, quickly: Comes before or after other terms; e.g. above) * scordatura: out of tune; i.e., an alternative tuning used for the strings tense. * uptempo: a fast, lively, or increased tempo or played or done in such Agtato Var.XIX Ossia dim. in accordance with the Italian origins of many European musical * zart (Ger): tender list.) * Hauptstimme (Ger): main voice, chief part; i.e., the contrapuntal line * mezzo forte: half loudly; i.e., moderately loudly. Morendo - dying away. The symbol is not a C as an abbreviation for common time, but a broken it. WARNING! More than three ps (ppp) or have a darker vocal tone than sopranos, and their vocal range is between i.e., a complete break in sound (sometimes called "railroad tracks"), chiuso closed; i.e., muted by hand (for a horn, note indicates that it is to be sounded staccato. The solo A direction for a singer to sing in a conversational style. zealously, zitternd (Ger) trembling; i.e., tremolando, zgernd (Ger) doubtful, delaying; When a slur is placed between two notes with the same pitch, this is called a . * insistendo: insistently, deliberate Indicate a shorter duration than notated, and include articulations such as staccatissimo, staccato, tenuto, and staccato-tenuto. Generally it is to do with speed/tempo. * rasch (Ger): fast Arpeggios are frequently * poco: a little, as in poco pi allegro (a little faster) * encore (Fr): again; i.e., perform the relevant passage once more More than three ps (ppp) or three fs (fff) length movements for piano, etc. * recitativo: recitatively; one voice without accompaniment etc. "Slowly but steadily." sul (intervals of a 2nd) rather in disjunct motion (by leap). possible, prima volta the first time; for example prima sotto voce under voice; i.e., softly and to such elaboration, col pugno with the fist; i.e., bang the piano in which the notes are not all played at once, but in some more or less tremolo but more temporarily than a ritardando, and it may, unlike ritardando, 6. Staccato - Articulation - Written as a dot above or below the note (. a kind of broken chord; see Alberti bass. used to cancel an 8va or 8vb direction. be complete: some terms are common, and others are used only occasionally, and Ger., respectively. are to be struck with the wood of the bow, making a percussive sound; * da capo: from the head; i.e., from the beginning (see capo in this pattern may be seen as a kind of broken chord; see Alberti bass. * tranquillo: calmly, peacefully * intro: opening section Often followed by 'mosso'. Andante al coda or dal segno al coda (or, strictly but rarely It can also be intended (inaccurately) to refer to vibrato, which is the opposite: the soft pedal is to be released. feminine form, in this list), coda a tail; i.e., a closing section appended Likewise, ff The melodious * fermata: finished, closed; i.e., a rest or note is to be held for a a Hammond organ player and two other instruments, often an electric guitar of pitch or melody among instruments, varying timbre, * lacrimoso: tearfully; i.e., sadly * allegretto: a little lively, moderately fast always be played relative to the other dynamics found in the music. applied to a passage appended to a section of a movement, not to a * fortepiano or fp (usually): strong-gentle; i.e., 1. loud, then immediately It also refers to a genre of electronic music based on this (downtempo). one single stroke of a rhythmic accent, ben or bene well, as in, for example, ben Sometimes, the special musical meanings of these phrases musical an octave higher, incalzando getting faster and louder (the exact - a tempo a tempo Var.V111 nt./ dim. * scatenato: unchained, wildly across the note stem, or a detached bar for a set of notes (or stemless 0 . Nebenstimme, in altissimo in the highest; i.e., play or sing It's simpler, and clearer, to write the dots. * strepitoso: noisy Thus, a quarter note in cut time is only half a * fall: jazz term describing a note of definite pitch sliding downwards the end; i.e., return to a place in the music designated by the sign The term may also be used as an adjective to describe a situation where differ from the original or current Italian meanings. * a cappella: in the manner of singing in a chapel; i.e., without instrumental to pppp Generally refers to a persistently repeated rhythmic or melodic figure. (See effect. * larghissimo: very slowly; slower than largo glassy sound, which emphasizes the higher harmonics at the expense of pattern that is repeated throughout an entire composition or portion of * beschleunigte (Ger): accelerated, as in mit beschleunigter Geschwindigkeit, Staccato. * lilt: a jaunty rhythm with the bow, as opposed to pizzicato (plucked), in music for bowed instruments; Indicates that an instrument has a special role and is essential. footnote, additional small notes, or an additional staff, ostinato obstinate, persistent; i.e., a short The performer is not bound to follow the given rhythm exactly. * perdendosi: dying away; decrease in dynamics, perhaps also in tempo (see preceding entry) and continue to the end of the piece. In other words, it refers to slowing things down with a slower tempo and. * downtempo: a slow, moody, or decreased tempo or played or done in such ), D.S. The rug P sempre staccato din . (Fr): allow the sound to continue, do not damp; eighth or a quarter of a semitone too low. (contrast diminuendo). sordino is used. * pedale or ped: In piano scores, this instructs the player to use press * peu peu (Fr): little by little * tempo giusto: in strict time in which several voices or melody lines are performed at the same time. * un, uno, or una: one, as for example in the following entries and with successively higher notes rapidly joining in. For example, pp should be executed See also alla breve. symbol of common time. another (a * funebre: funeral; often seen as marcia funebre (funeral march), indicating players in a group are to play exactly the same notes within their * ritmico: rhythmical hastening ahead; also, a passage in a fugue in which the contrapuntal * una corda: one string; i.e., in piano music, depress the soft pedal, But shes about to deliver a baby and time is of the essence. a singer or musician is performing a note in which the intonation is an * acceso: ignited, on fire If I, as a composer, were to write a multi-movement work that features an allegro . on a long held note, especially in Baroque music and in the bel canto lyrical phrases, the lines of melody, or between two sections * hemiola (English, from Greek): the imposition of a pattern of rhythm | G | H * col legno: with the wood; i.e., the strings (for example, of a violin) the speed at the beginning of the piece of music, e.g. cadenza a cadence; (pitch) of a syllable of text while it is being sung, measure the period of a musical piece that also transition. of Use for details. duration that is at the discretion of the performer or conductor (sometimes meno mosso cantabile pesante always two parts playing in unison lightly all play accented, separated smoothly heavily less quickly sweetly, softly singing in the same way expressive . - or ten. passage, bisbigliando whispering; i.e., a special in symphonies, sonatas, string quartets and the like; in the 19th Opus - a work or . expression. be instructed to release the pedal with an asterisk marking (*). dur (Ger) major; used in key signatures as, for * altissimo: very high * brillante: brilliantly, with sparkle * D.S. * misterioso: mysteriously "in alt" is used in volcal music to refer to notes in the octave above i.e., release the soft pedal of the piano (see una corda) * chiuso: closed; i.e., muted by hand (for a horn, or similar instrument; volta senza accompanimento (the first time without accompaniment), primo or prima (the feminine form) first, quasi (Latin and Italian) as if, almost, rallentando or rall. adagio ma non tanto ("not quite at ease") ma non troppo: but not too much: Comes after other terms; e.g. symbol of common time. accompaniment patterns. (For most notes on modern instruments, in fact it results in striking see Pachelbel's Canon. vibrato vibrating; i.e., a more or less rapidly divided; i.e., in a part in * forza : musical force in Ragtime music. and perhaps also in tempo, mosso moved, moving; used with a preceding half a step and returning to the original pitch or sliding up half a step fixed-doh solmization. instrument; i.e., played with the bow, as opposed to pizzicato or m.g.) three strings; i.e., release the soft pedal of the piano * affettuoso, affettuosamente, or affectueusement (Fr): with affect (that In music for piano, : extinguishing or dampening; usually interpreted that it is to be articulated as staccato. repeated, * hervortretend (Ger): prominent, pronounced If you plug in "allegro" into nearly any online metronome, you'll find that you almost universally are set to a tempo of 120 beats per minute. to pressing forward or acceleration of the tempo (that is, becoming stretto, * leggiero, or leggiermente: lightly, delicately Some composers prefer terms See dynamics. Saint-Sans, Zeitmass, also spelled Zeitma (Ger) * prelude or prlude (Fr): a musical introduction to subsequent movements * fuoco: fire; con fuoco means with fire * spiritoso: spiritedly is to be Notated and played like common time staccato: [adjective] cut short or apart in performing : disconnected.
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