Reported! . Heeding, he would say, "some wise and sudden instinct not to mention retreat," he made a noncommittal remark. [25] About his time at West Point, Sherman says only the following in his Memoirs: At the Academy I was not considered a good soldier, for at no time was I selected for any office, but remained a private throughout the whole four years. "[276] In letters written in 1865 to Thomas, his eldest surviving son, General Sherman said "I don't want you to be a soldier or a priest, but a good useful man",[277] and complained that Thomas's mother Ellen "thinks religion is so important that everything else must give way to it". [260], Proposed as a Republican candidate for the presidential election of 1884, Sherman declined as emphatically as possible, saying, "I will not accept if nominated and will not serve if elected. In one amusing change to his text, Sherman dropped the assertion that, A "third edition, revised and corrected" of Sherman's memoirs was put out in 1890 by, According to Victor Davis Hanson, "In the eyes of Lewis and Liddell Hart, Sherman was a great man, who is judged on what he did and not on what he wrote: he saved lives and shortened the war; and he used military science to teach his nation what war is ultimately for. [228] In one instance, he was summoned to testify as a witness in Andrew Johnson's impeachment trial. In 1859, he became superintendent of the Louisiana State Seminary of Learning & Military Academy (now Louisiana State University), a position from which he resigned when Louisiana seceded from the Union. Sherman then became the military governor of occupied Memphis. The couple later had eight children, two of whom died from sickness while Sherman was serving in the Civil War. "Lick 'em tomorrow, though. Critical press reports about Sherman began to appear after the U.S. Secretary of War, Simon Cameron, visited Louisville in October 1861. [48][49] Late in life, Sherman said of his time in a San Francisco gripped by the frenzy of real estate speculation: "I can handle a hundred thousand men in battle, and take the City of the Sun, but am afraid to manage a lot in the swamp of San Francisco. [31][32], Sherman and Ord disembarked in Monterey, California on January 28, 1847, two days before the town of Yerba Buena acquired the new name of "San Francisco". [135] In response, Hood moved north into Tennessee. Sherman excelled academically at West Point, but he treated the demerit system with indifference. General Sherman, The Negro, and Slavery: The Story of An Unrecognized Rebel Sherman was re-baptized as a Catholic, but Maria's husband, Senator Thomas Ewing, insisted that the young Sherman not be compelled to practice Catholicism. Sherman proved instrumental to mounting the successful Union counterattack of the following day, April 7, 1862. William Tecumseh Sherman Jr. (1854-1863) FamilySearch Sherman's subsequent famous "March to the Sea" through Georgia and the Carolinas involved little fighting but large-scale destruction of military and civilian infrastructure, a systematic policy intended to undermine the ability and willingness of the Confederacy to continue fighting. [210] Consuming supplies, wrecking infrastructure, and undermining morale were Sherman's stated goals, and several of his Southern contemporaries noted this and commented on it. [148][149] His army proceeded north through South Carolina against light resistance from the troops of Confederate general Johnston. William Tecumseh Sherman was born 8 February 1820 in Lancaster, Ohio, into a family of eleven. [183][184] Those orders, which became the basis of the claim that the Union government had promised freed slaves "forty acres and a mule", were revoked later that year by President Johnson. Family tree of William Tecumseh SHERMAN - Geneastar Wife of Robert McComb. [173] Sherman's views on race evolved significantly over time. William Tecumseh Sherman's early military career was a near disaster, having to be temporarily relieved of command. For the most part, Sherman refused to revise his original text on the ground that "I disclaim the character of historian, but assume to be a witness on the stand before the great tribunal of history" and "any witness who may disagree with me should publish his own version of [the] facts in the truthful narration of which he is interested". Sherman had dismissed the intelligence reports from militia officers, refusing to believe that Confederate general Albert Sidney Johnston would leave his base at Corinth. See more Charles Taylor Sherman (Feb. 3, 1811-Jan. 1, 1879) Mary Elizabeth Sherman Reese (April 21, 1812-Aug. 1900) War Is Hell: William Tecumseh Sherman, Atlanta, and the March to the Sea Unbeknownst to Sherman, Grant abandoned his advance, and Sherman's river expedition met more resistance than expected. In studies I always held a respectable reputation with the professors, and generally ranked among the best, especially in drawing, chemistry, mathematics, and natural philosophy. His son, Thomas Ewing Sherman, who was a Jesuit priest, presided over his father's funeral masses in New York City and in St. Republican Governor Daniel Henry Chamberlain appealed to President Grant for military assistance. [19][20] As an adult, Sherman signed all his correspondence including to his wife "W. T. This message was put on a vessel on December 22, passed on by telegram from Fort Monroe, Virginia, and apparently received by Lincoln on Christmas Day itself. Therefore, he believed that the North had to conduct its campaign as a war of conquest, employing scorched earth tactics to break the backbone of the rebellion. [77] Holden-Reid also concluded that Sherman "might have been as unseasoned as the men he commanded, but he had not fallen prey to the nave illusions nursed by so many on the field of First Bull Run. Click on the names below to see their relationship charts. [33] Sherman and Halleck lived in a house in Monterey, now known as the "Sherman Quarters", from 1847 to 1849. Nancy Studebaker 1837 - 1900. The assassination of Lincoln had caused the political climate in Washington to turn against the prospect of a rapid reconciliation with the defeated Confederates and the Johnson administration rejected Sherman's terms. William was sent to the family of Thomas Ewing, a neighbor and friend who was a U.S. Senator John Sherman (his younger brother and a political ally of President Lincoln) and other connections in Washington helped him to obtain a commission. General William Tecumseh Sherman Genealogy - RootsWeb "[88][89], After Grant captured Fort Donelson, Sherman got his wish to serve under Grant when he was assigned on March 1, 1862, to the Army of West Tennessee as commander of the 5th Division. Born 12 Jul 1618 in Dedham, Essex, England Ancestors Son of Edmund Sherman and Grace (Makin) Sherman Brother of Edmund Sherman, Anne Sherman, Joan Sherman, Hester (Sherman) Warde, Richard Sherman, Bezaleel Sherman, John Sherman and Grace (Sherman) Livermore Husband of Sarah (Mitchell) Sherman married before 1640 [location unknown] Descendants He took no precautions beyond strengthening his picket lines, and refused to entrench, build abatis, or push out reconnaissance patrols. According to Sherman's biographer Robert O'Connell, "Shiloh marked the turning point of his life. [227], There was little large-scale military action against the Indians during the first three years of Sherman's tenure as divisional commander, as Sherman allowed negotiations between the U.S. government and Indian leaders to proceed, while he built up his troops and awaited completion of the Union Pacific and Kansas Pacific Railroads. 1. [109] During the long and complicated maneuvers against Vicksburg, one newspaper complained that the "army was being ruined in mud-turtle expeditions, under the leadership of a drunkard [Grant], whose confidential adviser [Sherman] was a lunatic". When Sherman reached the age of sixteen, Ewing secured Sherman an . [295] More recently, historians such as Brian Holden-Reid have challenged such readings of Sherman's record and of his contributions to modern warfare. Sherman, like many young officers who passed through Fort Moultrie in the antebellum period, described it . MEMOIRS OF GENERAL SHERMAN, COMPLETE - Project Gutenberg [102] Soon after, Major General John A. McClernand ordered Sherman's XV Corps to join in his assault on Arkansas Post. He is perhaps the most eccentric general of the Civil War. William Tecumseh Sherman, was born February 8, 1820, in Lancaster, Ohio. Some of the most recently added connections of famous kin for General William Tecumseh Sherman Alice French (aka Octave Thanet) Novelist and Short Story Writer 6th cousin 1 time removed via Rev. [188][191], Sherman's military legacy rests primarily on his command of logistics and on his brilliance as a strategist. Maj. Gen. William Tecumseh Sherman, U.S. Army, stands accused of four counts of war crimes. Sherman was born in Lancaster, Ohio, near the shores of the Hocking River. [152] Thereafter, his troops did relatively little damage to the civilian infrastructure. [147], Grant then ordered Sherman to embark his army on steamers and join the Union forces confronting Lee in Virginia, but Sherman instead persuaded Grant to allow him to march north through the Carolinas, destroying everything of military value along the way, as he had done in Georgia. Two of his foster brothers served as major generals in the Union Army during the Civil War: Hugh Boyle Ewing, later an ambassador and author, and Thomas Ewing Jr., who was a defense attorney in the military trials of the Lincoln conspirators. [145] According to a war-time account, it was around this time that Sherman made his memorable declaration of loyalty to Grant: General Grant is a great general. [226] Sherman also clashed with Eastern humanitarians who were critical of the army's harsh treatment of the Indians and who had apparently found an ally in President Grant. American historian Wesley Moody has argued that these commentators tended to filter Sherman's actions and his hard-war strategy through their own ideas about modern warfare, thereby contributing to the exaggeration of his "atrocities" and unintentionally feeding into the negative assessment of Sherman's moral character associated with the "Lost Cause" school of Southern historiography. William Tecumseh Sherman, 1820 28 - 1891 214 Tecumseh 19 War is a terrible thing! [281] Except during the personal crisis triggered by his son Thomas's decision to become a priest, Sherman's personal attitude towards the Catholic Church was tolerant and even friendly at a time when anti-Catholic prejudice was common in the United States. The massive Confederate attack on the morning of April 6, 1862, took most of the senior Union commanders by surprise. "[92], Despite being caught unprepared by the attack, Sherman rallied his division and conducted an orderly, fighting retreat that helped avert a disastrous Union rout. in Lancaster, Ohio, USA , United States, Died on February 14, 1891 Historian Mark Grimsley promoted the use of the term "hard war" to refer to this strategy in the context of the U.S. Civil War. When Sherman's older brother James was born, the general related, his father "insisted on engrafting the Indian name 'Tecumseh' on the usual family list." Sherman's mother, who had named her first son after a brother of hers, prevailed, however, in her desire to name her second son after a second brother of hers. William Tecumseh Sherman (/tkms/ tih-KUM-s;[4][5] February 8, 1820 February 14, 1891) was an American soldier, businessman, educator, and author. [130][d], Sherman's Atlanta campaign concluded successfully on September 2, 1864, with the capture of the city, which Hood had been forced to abandon. Though the commission was responsible for the negotiation of the Medicine Lodge Treaty and the Treaty of Fort Laramie, Sherman did not play a significant role in the drafting of those treaties because in both cases he was called away to Washington during the negotiations. William Tecumseh Sherman - Biography, Civil War & Accomplishments - History Linked pages will continue with descendants of each main line, in a growing database of Sherman lines, both of English and other roots. The nomination was not submitted to the Senate until December. Mother of Elizabeth Reese Miller; Julia Willock Huggins; Margaret McComb; Robert Sherman McComb; Hoyt . [232], Sherman regarded the expansion of the railroad system "as the most important element now in progress to facilitate the military interests of our Frontier". [68] In early April, Sherman declined Montgomery Blair's offer of the administrative position of chief clerk in the War Department, despite Blair's promise that it would be followed by nomination as Assistant Secretary of War after the U.S. Congress assembled in July. In October, Sherman succeeded Anderson in command of that department. William Tecumseh Sherman (1820-1891) | WikiTree FREE Family Tree As the foster son of a prominent Whig politician, in Charleston the popular Lieutenant Sherman moved within the upper circles of Old South society. If you would like your line included, please contact Heather Bowers . [297] Former U.S. Defense Secretary Robert McNamara refers equivocally to the statement that "war is cruelty and you cannot refine it" in both the book Wilson's Ghost[298] and in his interview for the documentary film The Fog of War (2003). [In his Memoirs] the vigorous account of his pre-war activities and his conduct of his military operations is varied in just the right proportion and to just the right degree of vivacity with anecdotes and personal experiences. Learn more about possible network issues or contact support for more help. [237], Displacement of the Plains Indians was facilitated by the growth of the railroads and the eradication of the bison. William Tecumseh Sherman (1866-1867) Lampson Parker Sherman, Jr. (1868-1955) John Sherman (May 10, 1823-Oct. 22, 1900) Married Margaret Sarah Cecelia Stewart, Aug. 31, 1848 Children: Mary Stewart ("Mamie") Sherman (ca. You mistake, too, the people of the North. [142] Sherman then dispatched a message to Lincoln, offering him the city as a Christmas present.[143][e]. The Scourge of War: The Life of William Tecumseh Sherman By Brian Holden Reid Oxford University Press, 2020, $34.95. . [79] Sherman was then assigned to serve under Robert Anderson in the Department of the Cumberland, in Louisville, Kentucky. Some pro-Confederate sources have repeated a claim that Oliver Otis Howard, the commander of Sherman's 15th Corps, said in 1867 that "It is useless to deny that our troops burnt Columbia, for I saw them in the act. General Sherman's Brothers or All In The Family - Civil War Bummer Judge Taylor Sherman's family remained in Norwalk till 1815, when his death led to the emigration of the remainder of the family, viz., of Uncle Daniel Sherman, who settled at Monroeville, Ohio, as a farmer, where he lived and died quite recently, leaving children and grandchildren; and an aunt, Betsey, who married Judge Parker, of Mansfield . Sherman Family History - Fairfield County Heritage Association In response to this threat, Grant instructed Sherman to attack Johnston. [186][187] In 1888, near the end of his life, Sherman published an essay in the North American Review defending the full civil rights of black citizens in the former Confederacy. According to Lewis's account, which was repeated by later authors, Sherman was baptized in the Ewing home by a Dominican priest who found the pagan name "Tecumseh" unsuitable and instead named the child "William" after the saint on whose feast day the baptism took place. Not long before his death, General William Tecumseh Sherman (1820-1891) told an interviewer: "My family is strongly Roman Catholic. He was married to Ellen Boyle Ewing Sherman, who was the daughter of Ohio Senator Thomas Ewing. General Notes: William Tecumseh Sherman was one of the most famous military leaders of the William M Biss 1825 - 1901. Grant may have had to intervene to save Sherman from dismissal for having overstepped his authority. [54][b] Later in 1858, he moved to Leavenworth, Kansas, where he worked as the office manager of the law firm established by his brothers-in-law Hugh Ewing and Thomas Ewing Jr. Sherman obtained a license to practice law, despite not having studied for the bar, but he met with little success as a lawyer. General William Tecumseh Sherman Monument - Wikipedia. He was particularly interested in targeting South Carolina, the first state to secede from the Union, because of the effect that it would have on Southern morale. Born William Tecumseh SHERMAN. [95][96] In July, Grant's situation improved when Halleck left for the East to become general-in-chief. Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the U.S. Confederate States presidential election of 1861, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=William_Tecumseh_Sherman&oldid=1152383236, American military personnel of the Indian Wars, Hall of Fame for Great Americans inductees, Commanding Generals of the United States Army, Testifying witnesses of the impeachment trial of Andrew Johnson, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the ODNB, Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia indefinitely semi-protected pages, Articles prone to spam from December 2019, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, William Tecumseh Jr. ("Willie") (18541863), Jenkins (19961999) (interim, 2004) (acting, 2008 and 2012), This page was last edited on 29 April 2023, at 22:39. [123] When Lincoln called Grant east in the spring of 1864 to take command of all the Union armies, Grant appointed Sherman (by then known to his soldiers as "Uncle Billy") to succeed him as head of the Military Division of the Mississippi, which entailed command of Union troops in the Western Theater of the war. Father James A. Ryder, president of Georgetown College, officiated at the Washington, D.C., ceremony. [133] Sherman's success caused the collapse of the once powerful "Copperhead" faction within the Democratic Party, which had advocated immediate peace negotiations with the Confederacy. The only general engagement during Sherman's marches through Georgia and the Carolinas, the Battle of Bentonville, took place on March 1921, 1865. [99] According to historian John D. Winters's The Civil War in Louisiana (1963), at this stage Sherman, had yet to display any marked talents for leadership. William T. Sherman Family Papers - University of Notre Dame William tecumseh sherman children. Ellen Ewing Sherman. 2022-11-22 After ordering almost all civilians to abandon the city in September, Sherman gave instructions that all military and government buildings in Atlanta be burned, although many private homes and shops were burned as well. War is cruelty, and you cannot refine it; and those who brought war into our country deserve all the curses and maledictions a people can pour out. When the bank failed during the Panic of 1857, he closed the New York branch. The Good, Bad and Ugly of William T. Sherman [165], Sherman was not an abolitionist before the war and, like others of his time and background, he did not believe in "Negro equality". At first you will make headway, but as your limited resources begin to fail, shut out from the markets of Europe as you will be, your cause will begin to wane. When Sherman was nine years old his father, a successful lawyer on the Ohio Supreme court, unexpectedly died in 1829. If one of them becomes President, it will be all in the family.". Please try again. 1869-1934) Susan Denman Sherman (b. Oct. 10, 1825-Jan. 10, 1876) Married: second wife of Thomas Wells Bartley, Nov. 7, 1848 If your people will but stop and think, they must see in the end that you will surely fail. He married Eleanor Boyle Ewing on 1 May 1850, in Washington D.C., United States. Sherman, beset by hallucinations and unreasonable fears and finally contemplating suicide, had been relieved from command in Kentucky. The Death of Willie Sherman - The New York Times - Opinionator Liddell Hart's claims for his own influence on the German doctrine of, Sherman wrote in a letter to Halleck, dated December 24, 1864, "that we are not only fighting hostile armies, but a hostile people, and must make old and young, rich and poor, feel the hard hand of war, as well as their organized armies.". [40] Even though he earned a brevet promotion to captain in 1848 for his "meritorious service", his lack of combat experience and relatively slow advancement within the army discouraged him. At about the time of Elizabeth's birth (1723), the Shermans left Newton and settled in the south precinct of Dorchester, which three years later became the township of Stoughton, MA. He dealt in a friendly and unaffected way with the black people that he met during his career. I know him well. "[261] Such a categorical rejection of a candidacy is now referred to as a "Shermanesque statement". His father, a lawyer and jurist, died when he was nine, leaving the family destitute. Thus, he was living in the border state of Missouri as the secession crisis reached its climax. William T. Sherman | American Battlefield Trust In his Memoirs, Sherman commented on the political pressures of 18641865 to encourage the escape of slaves, in part to avoid the possibility that "able-bodied slaves will be called into the military service of the rebels". "[73], Sherman was first commissioned as colonel of the 13th U.S. Infantry Regiment, effective May 14, 1861. This letter was to James E. Yeatman, May 21, 1865, and is excerpted more extensively (and with slight variations) in Bowman and Irwin. William Tecumseh Sherman . Thousands of refugees, both black and white, joined Sherman's columns, which on February 20 finally withdrew towards Canton. Sherman accepted the surrender of all the Confederate armies in the Carolinas, Georgia, and Florida in April 1865, but the terms that he negotiated were considered too generous by U.S. Secretary of War Edwin Stanton, who ordered General Grant to modify them. [86], By mid-December 1861 Sherman had recovered sufficiently to return to service under Halleck in the Department of the Missouri. [299] The admiration of scholars such as B. H. Liddell Hart,[300] Lloyd Lewis, Victor Davis Hanson,[301] John F. Marszalek,[302] and Brian Holden-Reid[303] for Sherman owes much to what they see as an approach to the exigencies of modern armed conflict that was both effective and principled. "[294] Following Walters, James Reston Jr. argued in 1984 that Sherman had planted the "seed for the Agent Orange and Agent Blue programs of food deprivation in Vietnam". Rachel Ewing Thorndike daughter Robert Otho Sherman son Eleanor Mary Thackara daughter Mary A. Pickering daughter William Tecumseh Sherman, Jr. son Charles Celestine Sherman son Philemon Tecumseh Sherman son Hon. [229], When the Medicine Lodge Treaty failed in 1868, Sherman authorized his subordinate in Missouri, Major General Philip Sheridan, to lead the winter campaign of 18681869, of which the Battle of Washita River was part. Amelia McComb (Williams) (1816 - 1862) - Genealogy "[94], In late April a Union force of 100,000 men under Halleck's leadership, with Grant relegated to second-in-command, began advancing slowly against Corinth. An elder brother became a federal judge, and. Besides, where are your men and appliances of war to contend against them? He later began a new climb to success at Shiloh and Corinth under Grant. Sherman was one of the few Union officers to distinguish himself in the field and historian Donald L. Miller has characterized Sherman's performance at Bull Run as "exemplary". 04/14/13 re: Sherman Family: (1) John Sherman was 'appointed' Senator from Ohio by the State Legislature and Governor; W.T. Artillery and saw action in Florida in the Second Seminole War. [100], In December, Sherman's forces suffered a severe repulse at the Battle of Chickasaw Bayou, just north of Vicksburg. Grant then ordered Thomas to attack at the center of the Confederate line. Like Grant, he graduated from the military academy at West Point. General William Tecumseh Sherman's brothers were a stellar group and a man like Sherman knew, that in order to stay out of political and military hot water, one needed to keep it All In The Family. [208][209] Though exact figures are not available, the loss of civilian life appears to have been very small. [41], On May 1, 1850, Sherman married his foster sister, Ellen Boyle Ewing, who was four years and eight months his junior. HE MARRIED HIS FOSTER SISTER. "[60] In what some authors have seen as an accurate prophecy of the conflict that would engulf the United States during the next four years,[61][62] Boyd recalled Sherman declaring: You people of the South don't know what you are doing. [161] The U.S. Secretary of War, Edwin M. Stanton, leaked Sherman's memorandum to The New York Times, intimating that Sherman might have been bribed to allow Davis to escape capture by the Union troops. On April 9, Sherman relayed to his troops the news that Lee had surrendered to Grant at Appomattox Court House and that the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia had ceased to exist.
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